Inorganics

Id Identification Type Name Description Distinguishing Features Tags
40 Mineral Olivine Transparent colorless to pale gray-green. Nonpleochroic. Vivid birefringence colors. Frequently occurs as subangular anhedral grains. Conchoidal fracture. Moderately high relief. Associated with calcic plagioclase and pyroxene. Conchoidal-fracture
Moderately-high-relief
Anhedral
silicate
ferromagnesian
transparent
colorless
gray
103 Mineral Opal
116 Lithofacies Organic-rich carbonate mud with pyrite Refers to a lithofacies comprising >50% chemically precipitated carbonate minerals, abundant secondary organic matter, and prominent accessory pyrite.

Prominent co-occurrence of carbonate and opaque minerals. Likely to be pungent (H2S).
opaque
black
high-birefringence
pungent
stinky
163 Lithofacies Organic-rich Diatom Ooze Refers to a lithofacies comprising >50% diatom frustules, with organic matter (amorphous and/or fragmentary) making up the second-most abundant constituent.

Prominence of diatom frustules; diatoms may be diverse, or essentially monospecific. Carbonate minerals subordinate, or absent. Clastic silt subordinate, or absent. Diagenetic minerals (e.g., vivianite; pyrite) occur commonly, but are subordinate.
circular
transparent
colorless
rice-shape
brown
amorphous
53 Mineral Orthoclase Colorless to pale yellow, nonpleochroic, low birefringence, commonly elongate when euhedral, moderate to high relief, contact twinning is virtually diagnostic (only one twin plane in a single crystal).

See also feldspar.
no-lamellar-twinning
contact-twinning
feldspar
silicate
28 Mineral Orthopyroxene Transparent colorless to green or brown. May be pleochroic from pale red to greenish (hypersthene). Low birefringence. Appear as stubby prisms and subhedral to anhedral crystals. Near-90 degree perfect cleavage. Moderately high relief. Subhedral Ferromagnesian
pleochroic
silicate
transparent
brown
green
good-cleavage
moderately-high-relief

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